The Body freedom flutter phenomenon is one of the aeroelastic instabilities that occurs due to the coupling of the aeroelastic bending mode of the wing with the short-period mode in the flight dynamics of the aircraft. By using the aeroservoelastic model and applying closed loop control, this phenomenon can be suppressed in the operating conditions of the aircraft and the velocity of this event can be increased. The simplest model aircraft capable of displaying this instability includes the flexible wing and the planar flight dynamics model. For this purpose, the wing structure is modeled using the Euler-Bernoulli beam and, the theory of minimum variable state is used to model unstable aerodynamics to make the conditions suitable for modeling the system in state space. In the control section, the elevator is used as the control surface and LQR theory with Kalman filter is used to Body freedom flutter suppression. Finally, the effect of adding a closed loop control to increase the Body freedom flutter velocity and the limitations of this work are studied.

Performance of Parallel-hole collimators may be evaluated by determining their response to a point radioactive source which for instance, the amount of collimator resolution is calculated by measuring the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of point spread function (PSF). The conventional method in calculating the response of the collimator to a point source by using Monte Carlo simulations is to map the signal values in each detector cell to the center of cell on the x or y axis. In this paper, a new computing algorithm has been proposed which optimally maps the signal values on these axes. The responses of LEUHR, LEHR, LEGP and LEHS collimators are simulated based on the conventional method and the optimized computing one by the MCNP5 code. The results have been indicated that the response based on the optimized method has a higher accuracy compared to that of the conventional one. The average relative differences between the amounts of resolution based on the optimized method and experimental data have been found to be considerably fewer than those of the conventional one. Therefore, one may obtain Parallel hole collimators’ response with a higher accuracy by using the optimized computing method.

Introduction. The study of gross anatomy has always been confronted with limitations including deterioration, bad odor of cadaver and fixative solutions. one of the modern preservation techniques is plastination. In this project a whole Body was made by plastination technique.Methods. This study was carried out on a fresh human Body after fixation of the cadaver. It was dissected carefully after 6 months. It was then dehydrated and defated in cold acetone (-25˚6) for 2 weeks and warm (35-40˚c) acetone for 4 weeks. finally it was impregnated by polymer under pressure of vaccum. Results. The plastinated specimens found to be immune from infection, deterioration and flexible without bad odor and showing natural color.Discussion. Plastination is a modern techinque that has many advantages to formaldehyde fixation especially for our country with limited source of Body donation. Plastinated specimens can be unique material for teaching and can play a key role in solving our problem of cadaver shortage.  

In this paper, the mathematical model of energy circulation in the human Body is proposed and we show the health stability by using fuzzy parameters and iteration linear equation.

Development of molecular biology reveals that multicellular organism could be considered as a cell community. By scrutinizing constitution and activities of a single cell under context of the whole community, I got a micro-holistic Body model constituted of two aspects and seven compartments. The two inseparable aspects are the extracellular signalling molecules and the cells that communicate with each other using extracellular signalling molecules. The seven compartments include three universal sub-cellular compartments running within every cell in the Body and four specific systems comprised of specific cell groups and molecules providing particular services needed generally by cells in the Body. The constitution and internal relationship of the model match the fundamentals of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) perfectly, thus can philosophically bridge the understanding between traditional Chinese Medicine and western Medicine, provide research hypotheses, and connect molecular level research with clinical diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases more directly, and may cause profound revolution in human healthcare technology.

and Objectives: One of the most commonly used concepts of Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) is movement and stasis of the Body fluids, which has not yet been independently studied. In this article, ITM contents have been re-studied on this concept, and according to the dispersion of the content, classification and its therapeutic benefits have been mentioned. Methods: In this library research study, the contents related to “ movement and stasis of the Body fluids” have been collected from ITM textbooks and recent academic papers. Results: In the traditional Medicine references, movement and stasis of the Body fluids has been discussed in a scattered manner under most of the topics and headlines of ITM. Seasonal changes, foods, medications, and severe physical and mental changes can be mentioned as important factors in movement and stasis of the Body fluids. In existing literatures, some signs have been noted, which help to understand the movement or stasis of fluids or specific humor. On the other hands, movement or stasis of the fluids, which the most important of them are the four humors, can lead to physiological or pathological outcomes. Conclusion: The aforementioned issue is one of the most widely used concepts in ITM, which has not been scarcely discussed. Understanding the etiology of Body fluids movement and stasis, its sign/symptoms, results, and complications, not only help to identify the causes of a large number of diseases, but also can help to maintain health and prevention of diseases. Moreover, this issue can be effectively and actively used in the treatment and control of treatment side effects.

Background and Aim: The advent of the scientific revolution in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries changed people's attitudes toward the world, and they saw the world and nature as a great machine that operated according to causal and mechanical laws. Accordingly, the human Body, which is part of this world, was considered a complex machine that is subject to the laws of nature. Descartes, a seventeenth-century French philosopher, compared the Body of human to the machines of his time and concluded that the human Body could, like other components of nature, be analyzed to its constituent parts, and thus examined the function of the components. Descartes' view had a profound effect on other sciences, especially Medicine. In this article, with examining the worldview of modern Medicine, we introduce "living Body" to health managers that can help them to solve some of the problems of the health system Materials and Methods: In this analytical library review study, the keywords including “ mechanical Body” and “ lived Body” is searched and studied in classics works of philosophers and contemporary researches so determined their exact meaning. After analyzing this information, the role of these meanings of the Body that can have in Medicine stated. Findings: Modern Medicine is based on a specific philosophical concept of the Body, or more precisely, the Cartesian concept of the Body. This Cartesian concept has led to many advances in Medicine. But paying attention to the meaning of the Cartesian Body has caused health workers to ignore the patient's lived experience of the disease. They need to consider another meaning of the Body in order to pay attention to the patient's own experience; The lived Body. This Body represents all the states of human existence and paying attention to it can play a significant role in the patient's recovery. Ethical Considerations: In this research, honesty and trustworthiness, citation of the texts used avoidance of bias in inferring the texts or analyzes have been observed. Conclusion: Attention to the meaning of the Body from a phenomenological point of view can play a significant role in solving the problems of modern Medicine. This concept provides another model of the Body that allows Medicine to once again focus on medical humanization and reminds us the focus of the disease as it is experience.